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Assume deportations and building labor power (not housing demand), and tariffs and building prices.
On the primary level, Ben Zipperer‘s touch upon the influence of removals in “Safe Communities”:

On the influence of tariffs on housing prices:

Determine 1: PPI for building supplies (blue), building prices for single unit homes, Fisher index (tan), and common hourly earnings for building staff (manufacturing and nonsupervisory) (inexperienced), all in logs, 2025M01=0. Supply: BLS by way of FRED, BLS, Census, and writer’s calculations.
It’s fascinating that PPI-construction supplies — whereas not together with tariffs — reverses the pre-tariff downward development, and begins rising. This is sensible insofar as home producers increase costs consistent with import plus tariff costs.
Curiously, in his current analysis of why housing is unaffordable, EJ Antoni mentions neither the shortage of building labor nor the excessive prices of inputs.
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